Introduction
In this article, we are going to discuss the most important topic: types of network in computer network subject. A network is nothing but interconnected nodes or computers connected in various ways. We already know about network topologies, but topologies alone do not make a network.
Now we will explain the types of network,various types of networks come together to form a large and efficient network. In this article, we will explore the different types of networks. Computer networks fall into three main classes based on size, distance, and structure: LAN (Local Area Network), MAN (Metropolitan Area Network), and WAN (Wide Area Network)
1. Local Area Network (LAN)
What is LAN?
LAN stands for Local Area Network. LANs are privately-owned networks covering a small geographical area, usually less than 1 km, such as an office, home, or group of buildings. A LAN can be as simple as two PCs and a printer or extend throughout an organization. LANs are widely used to connect personal computers and workstations to share resources (printers, scanners) and exchange information.
Generally, a LAN uses only one type of transmission medium, either wired or wireless. The most common LAN topologies are bus, ring, or star. Early LANs had data rates in the 4 to 16 Mbps range. Today, speeds are typically 100 to 1000 Mbps. Wireless LANs are the newest evolution in LAN technology, often referred to as WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network).
Read also : what is network topology?
Advantages of LAN:
- Reliability
- Easy implementation
- High data speed
- Cost-friendly
Disadvantages of LAN:
- Short range
- Limited number of connected computers
- Maintenance required
2. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
What is MAN?
MAN stands for Metropolitan Area Network. When the need arises to connect a larger number of computers into a single network, spreading over a metropolitan area, it is known as a MAN. If a network spans a physical area larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, such as a city, it is called a MAN. MAN is an extended form of LAN, where computing devices spread over a city are interconnected using communication mediums to form a network. A MAN connects networks within a city or metropolitan-sized area, generally covering distances between 5 km to 50 km.
Advantages of MAN:
- Covers a large area
- Efficient handling of data
- Offers centralized management of data
Disadvantages of MAN:
- High cost
- Slower speeds compared to LAN
- Requires maintenance
3. Wide Area Network (WAN)
What is WAN?
While we were already connected to networks, these networks were small and not extensive enough to connect everything. This is where WANs come into play. WAN stands for Wide Area Network, which is a geographically dispersed collection of LANs. A WAN is essentially a network of networks, characterized by the slowest data communication rates and the largest distances. WANs are commonly connected either through the Internet or special arrangements made with phone companies or other service providers. The Internet is the largest WAN
Advantages of WAN:
- Longest range
- Resource sharing
Disadvantages of WAN:
- Expensive
- Not secure
- Slower than LAN and MAN
The History of Computer Networks: LAN, MAN, and WAN
Local Area Network (LAN)
- 1960s: Concepts of LANs emerged in academic and research settings.
- 1970s: Technologies like Ethernet and Cambridge Ring were developed.
- 1980s: Ethernet became widely used, making LANs common in businesses and schools.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
- 1980s: MANs began to connect multiple LANs within cities or large campuses, enabling broader communication and data sharing.
Wide Area Network (WAN)
- 1960s: ARPANET, developed by the U.S. Department of Defense, laid the foundation for WANs.
- 1990s: The Internet transformed WANs into a global network, revolutionizing connectivity and information exchange.
Conclusion
In summary, types of network in computer network is a fundamental concept that defines the arrangement and interconnection of various networks. Understanding differentLAN,MAN,WAN is crucial for designing efficient and reliable networks. Each type has its own strengths and weaknesses, making it essential to choose the right one based on the specific needs and goals of the network. As technology continues to evolve, the importance of robust and well-designed network will only grow, ensuring seamless communication and data exchange in our increasingly connected world.
